Recomended Readings

Arnoldi, J. (2001). Niklas luhmann. Theory, Culture & Society, 18(1), 1-13.

Ashby, W. R. (1957). Introduction to cybernetics: London Chapman Hall.

Banathy, B. H. (1997). Systems inquiry. THE FIRST INTERNATIONAL ELECTRONIC SEMINAR ON WHOLENESS  Retrieved 12/10/1010, 2010

Banathy, B. H. (2003). The evolution of systems inquiry.

Bechmann, G. S., Nico. (2002). The legacy of niklas luhmann. Society (0147-2011), 39, NO:2(Jan-Feb 2002), 67-72.

Bertalanffy, L. v. (1950). An outline of general system theory

Bertalanffy, L. v. (1972). The history and status of general systems theory. The Academy of Management Journal, 15(4), 407-426.

Best, S. (2003). A beginner's guide to social theory, from

Bleicher, J. (1982). System and meaning: Comments on the work of niklas luhmann. Theory, Culture & Society, 1(1), 49-52.

Braeckman, A. (2006). Niklas luhmann's systems theoretical redescription of the inclusion/exclusion debate. Philosophy & Social Criticism, 32(1), 65-88.

Brandhoff, B. (2009). Autopoietic systems, not corporate actors: A sketch of niklas luhmann's theory of organisations. [Article]. European Business Organization Law Review, 10(2), 307-322.

Buckley, W. F. (1968). Modern systems research for the behavioral scientist; a sourcebook. Chicago: Aldine Pub. Co.

Burns, T. (2007). System theories. In G. Ritzer (Ed.), Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology (Blackwell Reference Online ed.): Blackwell Publishing.

Carneiro, R. L., & Perrin, R. G. (2002). Herbert spencer's principles of sociology : A centennial retrospective and appraisal. Annals of Science, 59(3), 221 - 261.

Chase-Dunn, C., & Grimes, P. (1995). World-systems analysis. [Feature]. Annual Review of Sociology, 21, 387-417.

Dahrendorf, R. (1958). Toward a theory of social conflict. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 2(2), 170-183.

Drack, M. (2009). Ludwig von bertalanffy's early system approach. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 26(5), 563-572.

Drack, M., & Schwarz, G. (2010). Recent developments in general system theory. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 27(6), 601-610.

Durkheim, É. (1915). The elementary forms of the religious life a study in religious sociology. London; New York: G. Allen & Unwin ; Macmillan.

Fuchs, S. (1993). A sociological theory of scientific change. [Feature]. Social Forces, 71, 933-953.

Fuchs, S. (1999). Niklas luhmann. Sociological Theory, 17(1), 117-119.

Godlaski, T. M. (Producer). Systems theory.

Hammond, D. (2002). Exploring the genealogy of systems thinking. [Article]. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 19(5), 429-439.

Harter, N., & Phillips., J. (2004). Systems theory. Encyclopedia of leadership. Sage publications. Thousand Oaks, USA: Sage Publications.

Hunt, S. (2007). Social system. In G. Ritzer (Ed.), Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology: Blackwell Publishing.

Kant, I., & Bernard, J. H. (1951). Critique of judgment. New York: Hafner Pub. Co.

Kelly, K. (1995). Out of control : The rise of neo-biological civilization: Reading Mass Addison-Wesley

Kieser, A. (2007). Niklas luhmann and organization studies. [Book Review]. Academy of Management Review, 32(3), 991-993.

King, M., & Anton, S. (1994). The ambitious modesty of niklas luhmann. Journal of Law and Society, 21(3), 261-287.

King, M., & Thornhill, C. (2003). ‘Will the real niklas luhmann stand up, please’. A reply to john mingers. The Sociological Review, 51(2), 276-285.

King, M., & Thornhill, C. (2006). Luhmann on law and politics : Critical appraisals and applications. Oxford: Hart Publishing Ltd.

Lee, D. (2000). The society of society: The grand finale of niklas luhmann. Sociological Theory, 18(2), 320-330.

Luhmann, J. G. (1994). [an investigation of solar wind effects on the evolution of the martian atmosphere] [final report, 1 dec. 1990 - 31 may 1994]. NASA contractor report NASA CR-193424. [microform]. [Washington, DC

Luhmann, J. G. (1996a). Assessment of ion scavenging processes at venus and their evolutionary significance final technical report. [NASA contractor report] NASA CR-202225. [microform]. [Washington, DC

Luhmann, J. G. (1996b). Co-investigator participation in the mars-94 mission studies of the mars-solar wind interaction topside sounder and magnetometer : Final technical report. [NASA contractor report] NASA CR-202226. [microform]. [Washington, DC

Luhmann, J. G. (1996c). Solar wind effects on atmospheres of the weakly magnetized bodies--mars, titan, and the moon final technical report. [NASA contractor report] NASA CR-202224. [microform]. [Washington, DC

Luhmann, J. G., & Jakosky, B. M. (1992). Workshop on the evolution of the martian atmosphere. Nasa-Cr 190730. [microform]. Houston, TX

Luhmann, J. G., Tatrallyay, M., & Pepin, R. O. (1992). Venus and mars : Atmospheres, ionospheres, and solar wind interactions. Washington, D.C.: American Geophysical Union.

Luhmann, N. (1979). Trust ; and power. Chichester [Eng.]; New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Luhmann, N. (1982). The differentiation of society. New York: Columbia University Press.

Luhmann, N. (1989). Ecological communication. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Luhmann, N. (1990a). Essays on self-reference. New York: Columbia University Press.

Luhmann, N. (1990b). Political theory in the welfare state. Berlin ; New York: W. de Gruyter.

Luhmann, N. (1993). Risk : A sociological theory. New York: A. de Gruyter.

Luhmann, N. (1995). Social systems. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.

Luhmann, N. (1998a). Love as passion : The codification of intimacy. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.

Luhmann, N. (1998b). Observations on modernity. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.

Luhmann, N. (2000a). Art as a social system. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Luhmann, N. (2000b). The reality of the mass media. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Luhmann, N. (2006). System as difference. [Article]. Organization, 13(1), 37-57.

Luhmann, N., & Albrow, M. (1985). A sociological theory of law. London ; Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

Luhmann, N., & Rasch, W. (2002). Theories of distinction : Redescribing the descriptions of modernity. Stanford, Calif: Stanford University Press.

Marcus Aurelius, E. o. R. (1964). The meditations of marcus aurelius

Mathur, P. (2003). Theorizing "ecological communication". Ph.D. 3255317, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States -- Virginia. 

Mathur, P. (2008). Gregory bateson, niklas luhmann, and ecological communication. [Article]. Communication Review, 11(2), 151-175.

Maturana, H. R. (1975). The organization of the living: A theory of the living organization. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, 7(3), 313-332.

Maturana, H. R. (1999). The organization of the living: A theory of the living organization. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 51(2), 149-168.

McNeill, D., & Freiberger, P. (1993). Fuzzy logic. New York: Simon & Schuster.

Mingers, J. (2002). Can social systems be autopoietic? Assessing luhmann's social theory. The Sociological Review, 50(2), 278-299.

Moeller, H.-G. (2006). Luhmann explained : From souls to systems: Chicago Open Court

Murphy, W. T. (1984). Review: Modern times niklas luhmann on law, politics and social theory. The Modern Law Review, 47(5), 603-620.

Nassehi, A. (2005). Organizations as decision machines: Niklas luhmann’s theory of organized social systems. The Editorial Board of the Sociological Review.

Ritzer, G. (2005). Encyclopedia of social theory. Thousand Oaks, CA [etc.]: Sage.

Rousseau, J.-J. (1970). The social contract & discourses. London; New York: J.M. Dent & Sons; E.P. Dutton & Co.

Schmidt, J., Luhmann, N., Holmes, S., & Larmore, C. (1983). Luhmann in english. Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews, 12(2), 133-134.

Shaw, C. A., Lanius, R. A., & van den Doel, K. (1994). The origin of synaptic neuroplasticity: Crucial molecules or a dynamical cascade? [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review]. Brain Res Brain Res Rev, 19(3), 241-263.

Skyttner, L. (2006). General systems theory : Problems, perspectives, practice (2nd edition). River Edge, NJ, USA: World Scientific.

Stichweh, R. Niklas luhmann.

Talcott, P. (2005). The social system

Theodorson, G. A., & Theodorson, A. G. (1969). A modern dictionary of sociology (pp. 167). New York: Crowell.

Turner, B. (2009). The new blackwell companion to social theory. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Tyulenev, S. (2009). Why (not) luhmann? On the applicability of social systems theory to translation studies. Translation Studies, 2(2), 147 - 162.

Vanderstraeten, R. (2002). Parsons, luhmann and the theorem of double contingency. Journal of Classical Sociology, 2(1), 77-92.

Viskovatoff, A. (1999). Foundations of niklas luhmann's theory of social systems. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 29(4), 481.

Wallace, R. A., & Wolf, A. (1999). Contemporary sociological theory expanding the classical tradition. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.

Young, F. W. (1999). A neo-durkheimian theory of small communities. Sociologia Ruralis, 39(1), 3-16.

Zabusky, S. E. (1993). Review: [untitled]. Science, Technology, & Human Values, 18(4), 531-534.